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Civic History
Gas
Military
Railway
Salmon Fishery
Street Lighting
Town Quay
Fear of invasion by Napoleon around the turn of the 19th century brought
military barracks just outside the town to the south of Barrack Road. Now it is a busy
main road and part of the main route to Bournemouth. Then, known as Barrack Lane, it
was tree-lined and much quieter.
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It was at these barracks during the Second World War that
Sir Donald Bailey (1901-85) gave the first demonstration of
erecting the bridge which bears his name in 1941.
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The barracks contributed to the prosperity of the town; not only in servicing the needs of
the military establishment but also in the money spent in the town by the personnel posted
there.
Now the sport of anglers, Christchurch was famous for its salmon and the harbour was netted
as part of a commercial salmon fishery.
Southampton and Dorchester were linked by a new
railway in 1847 but this passed far to the
north of the town, the railway did not arrive
in Christchurch until 1859.
The Christchurch Gas Company started operations
in Rotten Row in 1853 and they also started
to replace some of the oil street lamps with gas.
In 1863 the Corporation bought the hand
operated 'Ye Deluge' fire pump from
Christchurch Barracks for £15.; This machine, proudly inscribed with the fact that
it had attended no less an event than the Great Fire of London (1666) was stabled in the
north porch of the Priory.
The old workhouse which is now part of the Red House Museum & Gardens had become too small to hold the required number of inmates and the instituion was rehoused in pupose-built premises in Fairmile in 1880. Two years later, Christchurch became a municipal borough under the Municipal Corporations Act.
The 1880's also saw the Sailing Club
established (Priory Quay, 1883), the
demolition of the Old Court House in 1884
(later to be rebuilt) and the purchase of Place Mill, the Mill Stream and Town Quay by the
Corporation in 1888.
The latter part of the 19th century saw a series of severe winters with the town's rivers freezing over.
The 19th century saw great changes in education. The 1840's saw the introduction of
the 'ragged schools' (the Sunday School movement providing religious education from 1780 in Gloucester became widespread). In 1811, the
National Society (Anglican) and in 1814, the British and Foreign Schools
Society (Nonconformist Churches) were established to provide elementary education for a small fee. Their efforts were supported by government funding from 1833 and elementary education became
compulsory in 1880 and free in 1891.
1895 saw the arrival of waterworks near the site of the former Knapp Mill bringing clean, piped water to the town for the first time.
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